Από το βιβλίο του Neil Winston.Fourteen Remington 870 barrels encompassing all of the above differences were used in the next experiment. All were 30-inch except as noted. Twenty of the same excellent factory shells used in the last experiment were fired from each test barrel over two Oehler chrono-graphs under the conditions described earlier.The most open choke, cylinder, was tested at the start and end of the experiment and recorded speeds of 1154 and 1159 fps. The modified choke produced a speed of 1162 fps.There were 5 full-choke “trap” barrels with bores ranging from0.727 to 0.733 inches. They produced speeds from 1179 to 1188 fps.Two more with magnum chambers also fell within that range. A single 34-inch trap barrel clocked 1201 fps.The two “overbore” barrels (diameter 0.745 inches) on veteran Competition 870’s produced speeds of 1189 and 1187 fps, at the upper range of their standard-bore stablemates. The two modern factory overbore barrels with extra-full Remchokes™ were significantly slower at 1168 and 1171 fps. There was no tendency for the overbore barrels to shoot faster as is commonly asserted.... All the barrels of the Beretta 303 produced slower speeds than their Remington 870 counterparts. Was this due to the fact that the Beretta 303 is a semiautomatic, and uses part of its gas pressure to operate the action? The same shells, fired by a Remington 1100, produced 870-like speeds. For this reason I think it’s unlikely that the lower speeds from the Beretta 303 are a consequence of its action. There are large speed differences among different lots of the same brand and type of factory shells. This makes it impossible to “calibrate” chronographs with commercial ammunition or for the reloader to “duplicate” a factory load. The speed readings from a full choke are faster and more variable than readings from a cylinder choke firing the same shells. This speed-increasing effect is reliably related to the degree of choke: the tighter the choke, the faster the reported speed. Chronographers using full chokes should plan on firing more shots to get dependable data.The five 870 barrels that measured the same shot the same. Tests of overbore barrels gave conflicting results: one type was similar to standard-bore tubes; the other type was significantly slower. The semi-automatic Beretta 303 produced consistently slow readings with all barrels but the 1100’s results were faster and about like the 870’s. Thus there was no evidence that gas being bled off to operate the action had a measurable effect on shot speed.